Signal-sending apparatus in wave telegraphy



L. PU NGS SIGNAL SENDING APPARATUS IN WAVE TELEGRAPHY June 2, 1925.1,540,712

Filed Aug. 23, 1921 l-NVENTORz' LEO Pumas,

I recruiters; F BERLI N-GH RLOT-TENBURG,GE MANY, nssrenou ro c. jnonnnz'UN'lTE A g AKTIENG-E SELLSCHAFT, OE LORENZWEG, BERLIN-TEMPELHOFrGERMANY.

' sIGNAn-sEN InG errneairus. In a mals Application filed augustasfieanSerial no, 494571. 1

(GRANTED UNDER THE PnovIsIons or THE Ao'rorjmnnen 3, 1921,41 STAT. 13131 To allwkom z'tmag concern."

Be it known that I, LEO PUNGSyEt citizen ofGer-many, residing atBerlin-Charlottenburg, Germany, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Signal-Sending Apparatus in WVave Telegraphy (for'whichapplications were filed in Germany September 27, 1913', and December 71918, Patents Nos. 291,132 and 298,582), of which thegfollowing'is aspecification. Y

1 This'nvention relates to a method for the sending of signals in thewave telegraphy by means. of high frequency machines which is based uponthe knownfproperty' of coils withiron cores to be able'tojvary theirinductivity within wide limits. It is known to provide such a coil withtwo or i more separate windings of which the one conducts a highfrequency current and the other thecontinuous currentfor the productionof the superposed magnetic induction. This coil can thus be used insimple manner asyariometer by merely regulating the induotivity by:variation of the continuous current without any alteration upon the highfrequency side. u y

This method can-be applied according to this invention in connectionwith high frequency machines in, varying the conditions of resonance;of'rthe syntonizing circuits of the machine when the wave lengths or thesyntony are altered. V

The method is explained" by the connection-arrangement shown on theonly'figure of the drawing and which isbased upon a Goldschmidtmachine.Y i

In the figure a and b arestatorand rotor coils of an alternator; adesignating'the stator connected. with the antenna, and :Z) the rotor ofthe machine with the necessary syntonizing circuits consisting ofcapacity andself-inductiong Inthe first syntonizing circuit the ironcore .05 with the high fre-v s l I quency winding 6 and with thecontinuous current windingf is inserted whilst the continuous current iscontrolled by the key h across an adjustable resistance. In this casethe coilv alters thusrthe syntonization.

'jThe method possesses however an inoonvenience in so far asconsiderable losses can occur in the iron coreof the coil at highfrequency, said losses consuming a'-.part of the high frequency energyhThis pheno'me non becomes specially unfayorable when the coil isinserted for instance in Ta syntonilzing circuit of a high frequencymachine, system 7o Goldschmidt, as in thiscase "already little I 7losses make considerably worse'the supply" of energy from the numberofuseful fperiod s. I

It has been found-"that the losses in the iron-can be madeto disappearalmost comis made so high that the iron is. practically saturated.Asexample the followingstatements are given:

Awound iron'ring from sheet metal band 0 of 0.05 millimeter thicknessproduces at a -wave length of 7000 meters andwitha' determined intensityof current without continuou s cuirent'inductwn an equivalentlossresistance of 500 ohms. 1 As soon as the iron core is completelysaturated by a continuous current magnetization which corresponds withan amperew nding number of approximately 100 per centimeter, the lossres st ance sinks at equal intensity of high frepletely ifthe'continuous current induction 7 1 quency current to about 1 to 2ohms. V This value corresponds almost'to the true resistance-lossesinthe high frequency winding so that the iron losses disappear owingto'the extraordinarily smallalternating current induction inthe iron.The coefli'cient 10f self induction of the coil sinks at the same timeto about of its value when there is no continuous current magnetization.

The invention is based in its further development on this experience inimproving the method. 7 The number of windings and the current of thewinding for the superposed continuous current induction are seected sothat theiron is practically fully no of the syntonizing circuit of highfrequency machines are altered. I

man-nerthat while the signals are sent the continuous current hasitsfull value and the iron core is fully saturated, whllst at the time ofthe intervalsbetween the signalsthe continuous current is eithercompletely cut,

out or the magnetization is brought under the kneeso that-besides-thedesyntonization by variation of the inductivity the radiated energy ismade vto disappear further-by the extraordinary increase of theresistancevalue of the coil;

The method is of special advantage for high frequency machines withmultipleincrease of the frequency by syntonizing circuits (according toGoldschmidts principle or with utilization of frequency transformers orthe combination of-the two) As already mentioned with Goldsch-midts =machine the losses in the syntonizing circuit must be as small aspossibleas these circuits ought to'be really short-circuited; The utilization ofthe coils withiron cores for sending the; signals causes very highlosses and therefore would notube useful; Only by the principle of thefull saturation of the ironcore at thetimes of the consumption of energyit has become possibletoapply this method'to high frequency machines ofthe type mentioned.

Thereare however still other advantages obtained. The iron core can beinserted in the circuit .of the fundamental frequency;

with the application of the method described and withinsertion of thecoil in the circuit of the fundamentalfrequency of a machine, thelossesso far that almost no difference could beascertained'in thesendingof energy whether a coil with highly saturated iron core or acoil of equal selfinductlon without -such*1roncore was used.

By cutting off the continuous current for the magnetization of'theironcore coil the radiation; of {energyof the antenna could bebroughtalmost to zero so that, the signal sending could be executed inthesimplest manner.

When a machine with static frequency converters -is' used it is also ofgreat advantage to --lay the'coil with iron' core-*into the circuit ofthe fundamental frequency in order to make the losses assmall aspossible. I

I claim:

lrlntag signal sending; apparatus for Wave telegraphy, a high frequencymachine having 'a plurality of syntonizing circuits of differentfrequencies, a coil having an iron core electrically i connected "withsaid circuits,:and means-associated with said core whereby the-coil=may'be subjected to superposed magnetic continuous currentinduction ,th'ereby varying the; :inductivity 0f the coil and (changingthe conditions of reson-' ance of the :synton-izingxcircuitsr' 2. In asignal apparatus'forwave' teleg; raphy, an antenna circuit, a highfrequency machine having ;a plurality of syntonizing circuits ofdifferent -:frequencies and connected with said antenna circuit forradialt ing'signals,',a coil having an iron coreinter posed in saidcircuits and adapted to normally maintain the antenna current "ataminimum, and 'means for subjecting the coil to superposedmagnetiocontinuous currentinduction during the sending of signals,,said

meansbeing adapted-to.cause substantially complete-magnetic saturationof the iron core i, and thereby substantially eliminate magnetic:induction of high frequency, in the iron coreuandi'permitmaximum flowofcursrent in said antenna circuit.

3.111 a signal sending apparatus for wave tele'graphy, an antennacircuit, ahigh frequency i machine having --a plurality of syntonizingcircuits of 'difi'erent frequencies and connected with'the antennacircuit for radiating signal energy, acoil having an ironcore-:connected with a machine circuit having a lower frequency than theantenna circuit,: and means 1 whereby "the coil may be subjected tosuperposedmagneticEcontinuous current induction during signal sendingintervals and 7 thereby simultaneously change the conditions ofresonanceof saidsyntonizing circuits and antenna cir-' cuit. v I

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification-in the presenceoftwowit IIBSSBS;

- LEO'PUNGSS Witnesses:

DR. O'moSoHNnmEn; KZTHESESOK?

